The GTE+ Reverse Flow Study was launched in February 2009 following the Russia-Ukraine gas dispute in January 2009 and the resulting need to analyze the necessary reverse gas flow capacities in Europe to boost the resilience of the European gas network. The study identifies the necessary investments in Europe to technically enable the reversal of gas flows with a view to ensuring a better response to possible gas supply disruptions in the future. Moreover, it provides a cost estimate for the identified developments and points to necessary mechanisms for cost recovery and appropriate incentives to be taken into account by individual national authorities. It does not, however, address financing issues related to the investments suggested. The Study is composed of a Cover Note and Technical Solutions.